What is a dewclaw and why do dogs have one?

While a dog’s dewclaw location – separate from the rest of their fingers – looks like the canine version of a thumb, they’re not exactly using it for holding a beer, showing approval, or doing anything else that our thumbs are doing. You may even have assumed that dewclaws didn’t do anything at all.

However, they serve a purpose. Read on to find out what this is (and what the verdict on dewclaw removal is).

What is a dewclaw?

The word Dewclaw describes a digit that does not touch the ground and can be found on the feet of dogs, cats and other mammals.

Most dogs only have them on their front paws, but some breeds – including Pyrenees and Briards – have them on their hind paws as well. As PetMD explains, anterior dewclaws have less mobility because they are attached by tendons and bones; while posterior dewclaws sometimes stick to the skin alone.

What is the purpose of a dewclaw?

Although not as versatile as our opposing thumbs, dogs’ front dewclaws are essentially their thumbs (and rear dewclaws are their big toes). Some mammals evolved from the use of their dewclaws, but canine anterior dewclaws are not entirely rudimentary.

“When dogs run, their front paws often bend so far that their dewclaws touch the ground. At high speeds (especially when turning) or on slippery surfaces, these dewclaws offer additional traction and help stabilize the carpal joint (wrist), ”writes veterinarian Jennifer Coates for PetMD.

The grip and traction of dewclaws can also be useful when a dog needs to hold onto something (like food or a toy), climb a tree, or lift itself out of the water. Posterior dewclaws, on the other hand, connected by skin, are too wobbly to serve any clear purpose that we know of.

Should You Remove a Dog’s Dewclaw?

Since front claws have an important function, experts generally advise against removing them, except in special situations, such as when a tumor is growing on them. Some people want to remove their dog’s flimsy dewclaws so they don’t have to worry about the puppy getting caught on something and causing injury. However, since this is not exactly a widespread topic at first, some argue that the surgery is unnecessary or even unethical. To prevent dewclaws from causing problems, it is best to keep your nails short and well-groomed rather than removing the claws entirely. However, it is always a good idea to get the opinion of your veterinarian as well.